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Departmental Results Report 2021-22

The Honourable Dominic LeBlanc
Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs, Infrastructure and Communities

The Right Honourable David Johnston
Debates Commissioner

© His Majesty the King in Right of Canada (2022)
All rights reserved

All requests for permission to reproduce this document or any part thereof shall be addressed to the Leaders' Debates Commission.
Cette publication est également disponible en français :
Rapport sur les résultats ministériels 2021-2022
Catalogue Number: CP1-31E-PDF
ISSN 2816-8925


Table of Contents

From the Debates Commissioner

Photograph of David Johnston

The Leaders' Debates Commission (LDC) was created in the lead up to the 2019 federal general election by Order in Council (2018-1322). Our core mandate was two-fold:

  1. Organize two debates for the next federal general election, one in each official language, and ensure those reach as many Canadians as possible, including those with disabilities, those living in remote areas and those living in official language minority communities.
  2. Prepare a report to Parliament following the 2019 debates, outlining its findings, lessons learned and recommendations.

On November 5, 2020, the Commission's mandate was amended by Order in Council (2020-0871). The LDC's mandate now included the following:

  1. Set participation criteria and make them public
  2. Ensure that the debates are available in languages other than French and English, paying special attention to Canada's Indigenous languages; and
  3. Provide final approval of the format and production of the leaders' debate, while respecting journalistic independence.

The Commission's 2021-22 Departmental Results Report, which follows, describes to what extend the LDC has delivered on its mandate in 2021.

We believe that the Commission has, in the last two election cycles, provided greater stability and predictability to the debates, and greatly increased their reach to the Canadian public. The debates became the most prominent campaign event in 2021, as they had been in 2019.

More than 10 million Canadians tuned in to the English-language debate and over four million watched the French-language debate. More Canadians watched the debates in 2021 than the Super Bowl. We also made good progress on making debates accessible, recognizing that reaching out to remote and marginalized communities is vitally important.

In our 2021 report to Parliament, we noted that the debates did not deliver as well as they should have on informing voters about parties' policies and were less successful in serving the public interest. As such, we put forward a series of recommendations for improving and ensuring leaders' debates better serve the public interest.

I have been privileged to serve as Debates Commissioner for the Leaders' Debates Commission, and work with a dedicated team and advisory board as well as a wide range of operating partners and stakeholders.

Informed elections that engage our citizens are more important than ever and debates can make a vital contribution to the democratic process because they provide an authentic record that citizens can trust. In an age of disinformation, fragmentation of audiences and polarization of public opinion, leaders' debates produce an authentic record of party positions that citizens can trust and come back to repeatedly.

David Johnston
Debates Commissioner

Results at a glance

Debates play an essential role in the health of Canada's democracy. Millions of Canadians watch debates in every election, a testament to their importance. They provide a unique opportunity for voters to hear from political leaders in real time and in an unmediated, unfiltered, and undistorted way.

On November 6, 2020, the Government of Canada announced that the Leaders' Debates Commission would "remain in place to ensure there will be national debates in Canada during the next general election."Footnote 1 

In accordance with its second mandate, the Leaders' Debates Commission organized two leaders' debates for the 2021 federal general election (one in each official language). The Commission also prepared a report to Parliament, following the 2021 debates, outlining findings, lessons learned, and recommendations. It was published on May 10, 2022.

In 2021–22, to accomplish its mandate and translate its aspiration into meaningful and measurable actions, the Commission focused on the following three key objectives:

Standing up the Leaders' Debates Commission

  • Set clear, simple and objective participation criteria and made them public.
  • Entered into contract for the production of the debates.
  • Maintained the seven-member Advisory Board.
  • Hired employees to manage and implement Commission deliverables.

Promoting awareness of and access to the leaders' debates

  • Ensured that the debates were available in languages other than French and English, paying special attention to Canada's Indigenous languages.
  • Ensured that the debates were distributed free of charge and reached as many Canadians as possible, including those living in remote areas and those living with disabilities.
  • Incorporated promotion into the request for proposal (RFP) for the debates producer.

Preparing report and analysis for decision-making

  • Produced a final report, drawing on wide consultations with stakeholders both here in Canada and internationally, debate symposia with experts in debate production, organization and polling, public submissions, and survey responses from 2,000 Canadians on what makes successful debates. The Commission's report put forward 11 recommendations for improving and ensuring leaders' debates better serve the public interest. There were four new recommendations and seven reaffirmed recommendations from its previous 2019 report.

For more information on the Leaders' Debates Commission's plans, priorities and results achieved, see the "Results: what we achieved" section of this report.

Results: what we achieved

Core responsibilities

Organize Leaders' Debates for federal general elections

Description

The Commission is mandated to organize two leaders' debates for the federal general election – one in each official language. In order to execute its core responsibility, the Commission sets criteria to confirm the participation of eligible party leaders in leaders' debates during general election periods, issues a call for proposals for debate production that seeks to ensure that Canadians have access to these broadcasts, and distributes and promotes the debates on all channels and platforms through its contract with the debates producer.

To that end, the Commission works to make the debates a more predictable, reliable, and stable element of federal election campaigns with each mandate. The desired result is an open and transparent organization of leaders' debates that reaches a broad cross-section of Canadians.

Results

Throughout 2021–22, the Commission focused its energies and resources on organizing effective, informative, and compelling debates that are accessible to as many Canadians as possible. The Commission pursued this goal by:

Ensuring the leaders' debates are available to all Canadians

Making the debate signal free for distribution enabled multiple partners to distribute the debates and increased reach considerably. The English-language and French-language debates were available live on 36 television networks, four radio networks, and more than 115 digital streams. Canadians were also able to watch the debates online after they aired in the language of their choice.Footnote 2 The debates were provided in 16 languages, including six Indigenous languages and ASL and LSQ. They were also available in closed captioning and described video. Fewer than 5% of non-viewers indicated that their main reason for not watching the debates was a lack of accessibility.Footnote 3

In 2019, the Commission debates registered a record viewership of 19 million for both debates. In 2021, viewership stood at 14 million, still high compared to previous debates and other "event television" in 2021.

More than 10 million Canadians tuned in to the English-language debate and over four million watched the French-language debate. These numbers are large in comparison to both international debate ratings and Canadian television programming. For instance, in 2021, 8.8 million Canadians watched the Super Bowl.

The 2019 formation of a wider media coalition to produce the debates resulted in greater buy-in from the media in the debates. The debates became the most prominent campaign event again in 2021, as they had been in 2019, as evidenced by both the viewership figures above and social media analysis.

The Commission's production budget allowed the media consortium to produce high-quality debates, event television which increased their impact.

Ensuring the leaders' debates are effective, informative, and compelling

The first objective measurement of a debate's effectiveness is viewership. The success of debates, however, is defined by more than the number of people who watch them. Debates are meant to create an environment where voters can better learn about party policies and evaluate the qualities of leaders: both their capacity to explain policies and their ability to perform under pressure.

There is widespread agreement that the 2021 debates did not deliver as well as they should have on informing voters about parties' policies. The two major weaknesses identified, especially with respect to the English-language debate, were format and moderation.

The Canadian Election Study (CES) showed that the 2021 leaders' debates increased trust in government, the media, and political parties. However, the same survey revealed that Canadians did not sufficiently learn about the parties' platforms during the 2021 debates. This is significantly different from the 2019 debates, when a similar survey conducted by the CES showed that viewers' knowledge of party platforms had been enhanced by watching the debates.Footnote 4

Maintaining the highest standards for the leaders' debates

The Commission established clear and transparent rules for the debates. This included the establishment of participation criteria that were developed following wide consultations. They were also communicated widely before the election call. The greater level of transparency provided better conditions for trust in the debates.

The creation of the Commission provided greater stability to the debates. Political parties agreed to participate without any pre-conditions.

The Commission's research, consultation process and analysis following each political cycle are creating a knowledge base about debates that would not exist otherwise. Commission staff are regularly invited to symposiums outside Canada to share their experience and data. The studies and polling commissioned are breaking new ground about best practices in debates and about what voters expect and get out of debates. This objective data guides the improvement of debates with every cycle.

Ensuring the leaders' debates are organized to serve the public interest

Mindful of the importance of high journalistic standards and independence, the Commission selected the debates producer through a Request for Proposal (RFP).

From a strictly organizational standpoint, the Commission believes it delivered on its mandate. The debates were organized according to the rules of public procurement, through an independent, public request for proposals process that selected the producer along clear criteria. The delivery of the debates was also well within the contracted budget.

On the substantive front, however, the debates were less successful in serving the public interest. This is defined in our OIC as an "essential contribution to the health of Canadian democracy."Footnote 5

Experimentation

After the 2019 experience, the Commission recommended to the Government that it eventually be made permanent through legislation. In its 2021 report, the Commission, in considering the future of debate organization in Canada, began its work from a first principle: leaders' debates are critical elements of an election. Their stability and predictability are therefore important to a healthy democracy. Reviewing its 2021 experience, the Commission believes it has made a meaningful contribution to this first principle. The Commission believes that incremental change to its current mandate and operating approach is therefore appropriate to ensure the delivery of debates in the public interest, as it has concluded that there is need for a greater role for itself in debate format and moderation.

Results achieved

The following table shows, for the Leaders' Debates Commission, the results achieved, the performance indicators, the targets, and the target dates for 2021–22, and the actual results for the three most recent fiscal years for which actual results are available.

Departmental results Performance indicators Target Date to achieve target 2019–20
actual results
2020–21 actual results 2021–22
actual results
Canadians are aware of and have access to debates organized by the Leaders' Debates Commission Number of Canadians who have access to debates organized by the Leaders' Debates Commission The proportion of Canadians having access to debates organized
by the Leaders' Debates Commission exceeds comparable figures
from the 2019 election.
March 2022 English debate: 35,334,0001
French debate:
35,334,0001
N/A English debate: 35,785,0002
French debate:
35,785,0002
Number of Canadians who view debates organized by the Leaders' Debates Commission The proportion of Canadians viewing the debates
organized by the
Leaders' Debates Commission falls behind comparable figures from the 2019 election.Footnote 6
March 2022 English debate: 14,129,000
French debate:
5,023,435
N/A English debate: 10,273,926
French debate:
4,282,628

Financial, human resources and performance information for the Leaders' Debates Commission's Program Inventory is available in GC InfoBase.Footnote i

Notes:

  1. This figure has been calculated using Statistics Canada data from its 2019 Canadian Internet Use Survey, which indicated that 94% of Canadians had home Internet access, as well as 2019 population figures from Statistics Canada. Both the English and French debates were available on the Internet.
  2. This figure has been calculated using Statistics Canada data from its 2020 Canadian Internet Use Survey, which indicated that the vast majority of Canadians (94%) had home Internet access through a fixed broadband connection in 2020. Although this proportion has remained relatively stable overall since 2018, home Internet access among those aged 65 and older increased from 79% to 83% over this period.Footnote 7 Both the English and French debates were available on the Internet.

Budgetary financial resources (dollars)

The following table shows, for the Leaders' Debates Commission, budgetary spending for 2021–22, as well as actual spending for that year.

2021–22
Main Estimates
2021–22
planned spending
2021–22
total authorities available for use
2021–22
actual spending
(authorities used)
2021–22
difference
(actual spending minus planned spending)
4,835,025 4,835,025 5,313,093 3,206,396 (1,628,629)

LDC's actual spending in fiscal year 2021-22 was $1.6 million lower as expenditures were lower than planned to organize the two leaders' debates for the 44th federal general election as there were no expenditures on outreach initiatives. Debate production fell below the projected budget and the Commission salaries and administrative expenses were lower as the Commission had a smaller secretariat which worked remotely. Meetings also took place remotely, including those with the Advisory Board.

Human resources (full-time equivalents)

The following table shows, in full‑time equivalents, the human resources the department needed to fulfill this core responsibility for 2021–22.

2021–22
planned full-time equivalents
2021–22
actual full-time equivalents
2021–22
difference (actual full-time equivalents minus planned full‑time equivalents)
6.8 2.9 -3.9

Financial, human resources and performance information for the Leaders' Debates Commission's Program Inventory is available in GC InfoBase.Footnote ii

Internal services

Description

Internal services are those groups of related activities and resources that the federal government considers to be services in support of programs and/or required to meet corporate obligations of an organization. Internal services refer to the activities and resources of the 10 distinct service categories that support program delivery in the organization, regardless of the internal services delivery model in a department. The 10 service categories are:

  • acquisition management services
  • communication services
  • financial management services
  • human resources management services
  • information management services
  • information technology services
  • legal services
  • material management services
  • management and oversight services
  • real property management services

Internal Services functions were provided to the Commission by the Privy Council Office (PCO) through a Memorandum of Understanding between the two parties covering the 2021–22 fiscal year.

Budgetary financial resources (dollars)

The following table shows, for internal services, budgetary spending for 2021–22, as well as spending for that year.

2021–22
Main Estimates
2021–22
planned spending
2021–22
total authorities available for use
2021–22
actual spending
(authorities used)
2021–22
difference (actual spending minus planned spending)
0 0 0 0 0

Human resources (full-time equivalents)

The following table shows, in full‑time equivalents, the human resources the department needed to carry out its internal services for 2021–22.

2021–22
planned full-time equivalents
2021–22
actual full-time equivalents
2021–22
difference (actual full-time equivalents minus planned full‑time equivalents)
0 0 0

Spending and human resources

Spending

Spending 2019–20 to 2024–25

The following graph presents planned (voted and statutory spending) over time.

Departmental spending trend graph
Departmental spending trend graph - Text version
Departmental Spending Trend Graph (Dollars)
  2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 2024-25
Statutory 96,534 15,228 65,143 32,638 44,032 44,032
Voted 3,636,336 315,520 3,141,253 421,549 552,195 552,195
Total 3,732,870 330,748 3,206,396 454,187 596,227 596,227

The departmental spending trend graph presents planned (voted and statutory spending) over a six-year period (2019-20 to 2024-25).

Fiscal years 2019-20 to 2021-22 show actual expenditures as reported in the Public Accounts while 2022-23 to 2024-25 presents planned spending.

Spending in 2019-20 and 2021-22 was higher compared to 2020-21, due to the 43rd and 44th federal general elections, respectively. The elections involved the organization of the two leaders' debates, one in each official language, for each of these election cycles. The planned spending in 2022-23, 2023-24 and 2024-25 is lower as planned spending in non-election years is lower until a federal general election is called.

Budgetary performance summary for core responsibilities and internal services (dollars)

The "Budgetary performance summary for core responsibilities and internal services" table presents the budgetary financial resources allocated for the Leaders' Debates Commission's core responsibilities.

Core responsibilities and internal services 2021–22
Main Estimates
2021–22
planned spending
2022–23
planned spending
2023–24
planned spending
2021–22
total authorities available for use
2019–20 actual spending (authorities used) 2020–21 actual spending (authorities used) 2021–22 actual spending (authorities used)
Organize Leaders' Debates for federal general elections 4,835,025 4,835,025 454,187 596,227 5,313,093 3,732,870 330,748 3,206,396
Subtotal 4,835,025 4,835,025 454,187 596,227 5,313,093 3,732,870 330,748 3,206,396
Internal services 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 4,835,025 4,835,025 454,187 596,227 5,313,093 3,732,870 330,748 3,206,396

Human resources

The "Human resources summary for core responsibilities and internal services" table presents the full-time equivalents (FTEs) allocated to each of the Leaders' Debates Commission's core responsibilities and to internal services.

Human resources summary for core responsibilities and internal services

Core responsibilities and internal services 2019–20 actual full‑time equivalents 2020–21 actual full‑time equivalents 2021–22
planned full-time equivalents
2021–22 actual full‑time equivalents 2022–23 planned full‑time equivalents 2023–24 planned full‑time equivalents
Organize Leaders' Debates for federal general elections, one in each official language 5.4 0.8 6.8 2.9 1.3 1.8
Subtotal 5.4 0.8 6.8 2.9 1.3 1.8
Internal services 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 5.4 0.8 6.8 2.9 1.3 1.8

Expenditures by vote

For information on the Leaders' Debates Commission's organizational voted and statutory expenditures, consult the Public Accounts of Canada 2021.Footnote iii

Government of Canada spending and activities

Information on the alignment of the Leaders' Debates Commission's spending with Government of Canada's spending and activities is available in GC InfoBase.Footnote iv

Financial statements and financial statements highlights

Financial statements

The Leaders' Debates Commission's financial statements (unaudited) for the year ended March 31, 2022, are available on the departmental website.

Financial statement highlights

Condensed Statement of Operations (unaudited) for the year ended March 31, 2022 (dollars)
Financial information 2021–22
Planned results
2021–22
Actual results
2020–21
Actual results
Difference (2021–22 Actual results minus
2021–22 Planned results)
Difference (2021–22 Actual results minus
2020–21 Actual results)
Total expenses 4,856,873 3,244,362 367,038 (1,612,511) 2,877,324
Total revenues 0 0 0 0 0
Net cost of operations before government funding and transfers 4,856,873 3,244,362 367,038 (1,612,511) 2,877,324

Difference between 2020-21 actual results and 2021-22 actual results:

The Commission's actual net cost of operations before government funding and transfer for 2021-22, as compared to 2020-21 increased by $2,877,324 primarily as a result of the first full year of operation of the Commission's amended second mandate, which involved the organization of the two leaders' debates, one in each official language, for the 44th federal general election held on September 20, 2021.

Difference between 2021-22 actual results and 2021-22 planned results:

The Commission's actual net cost of operations from continuing activities was $1,612,511 lower than the planned results and is attributable to lower expenditures and net spending.

Condensed Statement of Financial Position (unaudited) as of March 31, 2022 (dollars)

Financial information
2021–22 2020–21 Difference
(2021–22 minus
2020–21)
Total net liabilities 299,724 220,410 79,314
Total net financial assets 268,532 199,101 69,431
Departmental net debt 31,192 21,309 9,883
Total non-financial assets - - -
Departmental net financial position 31,192 21,309 9,883

In 2021-22, the Commission's net liabilities increased by $79,314. This increase is primarily attributable to an increase in the Commission's activities in its first full year of operation of its amended second mandate, resulting in an increase in accounts payables and in vacation pay and compensatory leave.

Total net financial and non-financial assets were $268,532, an increase of $69,431 from 2020-21. This variance is attributable to an increase in accounts receivable, resulting from the Commission's increased activity in the fiscal year 2021-22.

The 2021-22 planned results information is provided in the Leaders' Debates Commission's Future-Oriented Statement of Operations and Notes 2021–22.

Corporate information

Organizational profile

Appropriate minister[s]: The Honourable Dominic LeBlanc
Institutional head: David Johnston, Debates Commissioner
Ministerial portfolio: Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs, Infrastructure and Communities
Enabling instrument[s]: Order in Council P.C. 2018-1322, Order in Council P.C. 2020-0871
Year of incorporation / commencement: 2018

Raison d'être, mandate and role: who we are and what we do

"Raison d'être, mandate and role: who we are and what we do" is available on the Leaders' Debates Commission's website.

Reporting framework

The Leaders' Debates Commission's Departmental Results Framework and Program Inventory of record for 2021–22 is shown below.

Reporting framework
Text description

Departmental Results Framework
Core Responsibility: Organize Leaders' Debates for federal general elections Internal Services

Departmental Result:

Canadians are aware of and have access to debates organized by the Leaders' Debates Commission

Indicator: Number of Canadians who have access to debates organized by the Leaders' Debates Commission.
Indicator: Number of Canadians who view debates organized by the Leaders' Debates Commission
Program Inventory Program: Leaders' Debates

Supporting information on the program inventory

Financial, human resources and performance information for the Leaders' Debates Commission's Program Inventory is available in GC InfoBase.Footnote v

Federal tax expenditures

The tax system can be used to achieve public policy objectives through the application of special measures such as low tax rates, exemptions, deductions, deferrals and credits. The Department of Finance Canada publishes cost estimates and projections for these measures each year in the Report on Federal Tax Expenditures.Footnote vi This report also provides detailed background information on tax expenditures, including descriptions, objectives, historical information and references to related federal spending programs as well as evaluations and GBA Plus of tax expenditures.

Organizational contact information

Mailing address

Leaders' Debates Commission
155 Queen Street
3rd floor – Suite 301
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0A3
E-Mail: info@debates-debats.ca
Website: www.debates-debats.ca

Appendix: Definitions

appropriation (crédit)
Any authority of Parliament to pay money out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund.
budgetary expenditures (dépenses budgétaires)
Operating and capital expenditures; transfer payments to other levels of government, organizations or individuals; and payments to Crown corporations.
core responsibility (responsabilité essentielle)
An enduring function or role performed by a department. The intentions of the department with respect to a core responsibility are reflected in one or more related departmental results that the department seeks to contribute to or influence.
Departmental Plan (plan ministériel)
A report on the plans and expected performance of an appropriated department over a 3‑year period. Departmental Plans are usually tabled in Parliament each spring.
departmental priority (priorité)
A plan or project that a department has chosen to focus and report on during the planning period. Priorities represent the things that are most important or what must be done first to support the achievement of the desired departmental results.
departmental result (résultat ministériel)
A consequence or outcome that a department seeks to achieve. A departmental result is often outside departments' immediate control, but it should be influenced by program-level outcomes.
departmental result indicator (indicateur de résultat ministériel)
A quantitative measure of progress on a departmental result.
departmental results framework (cadre ministériel des résultats)
A framework that connects the department's core responsibilities to its departmental results and departmental result indicators.
Departmental Results Report (rapport sur les résultats ministériels)
A report on a department's actual accomplishments against the plans, priorities and expected results set out in the corresponding Departmental Plan.
experimentation (expérimentation)
The conducting of activities that seek to first explore, then test and compare the effects and impacts of policies and interventions in order to inform evidence-based decision-making, and improve outcomes for Canadians, by learning what works, for whom and in what circumstances. Experimentation is related to, but distinct from innovation (the trying of new things), because it involves a rigorous comparison of results. For example, using a new website to communicate with Canadians can be an innovation; systematically testing the new website against existing outreach tools or an old website to see which one leads to more engagement, is experimentation.
full‑time equivalent (équivalent temps plein)
A measure of the extent to which an employee represents a full person‑year charge against a departmental budget. For a particular position, the full‑time equivalent figure is the ratio of the number of hours the person actually works divided by the standard number of hours set out in the person's collective agreement.
gender-based analysis plus (GBA Plus) (analyse comparative entre les sexes plus [ACS Plus])
An analytical process used to assess how diverse groups of women, men and gender-diverse people experience policies, programs and services based on multiple factors including race, ethnicity, religion, age, and mental or physical disability.
government-wide priorities (priorités pangouvernementales)
For the purpose of the 2021–22 Departmental Results Report, government-wide priorities refers to those high-level themes outlining the government's agenda in the 2020 Speech from the Throne, namely: Protecting Canadians from COVID-19; Helping Canadians through the pandemic; Building back better – a resiliency agenda for the middle class; The Canada we're fighting for.
horizontal initiative (initiative horizontale)
An initiative where two or more federal organizations are given funding to pursue a shared outcome, often linked to a government priority.
non‑budgetary expenditures (dépenses non budgétaires)
Net outlays and receipts related to loans, investments and advances, which change the composition of the financial assets of the Government of Canada.
performance (rendement)
What an organization did with its resources to achieve its results, how well those results compare to what the organization intended to achieve, and how well lessons learned have been identified.
performance indicator (indicateur de rendement)
A qualitative or quantitative means of measuring an output or outcome, with the intention of gauging the performance of an organization, program, policy or initiative respecting expected results.
performance reporting (production de rapports sur le rendement)
The process of communicating evidence‑based performance information. Performance reporting supports decision-making, accountability and transparency.
plan (plan)
The articulation of strategic choices, which provides information on how an organization intends to achieve its priorities and associated results. Generally, a plan will explain the logic behind the strategies chosen and tend to focus on actions that lead to the expected result.
planned spending (dépenses prévues)
For Departmental Plans and Departmental Results Reports, planned spending refers to those amounts presented in Main Estimates.

A department is expected to be aware of the authorities that it has sought and received. The determination of planned spending is a departmental responsibility, and departments must be able to defend the expenditure and accrual numbers presented in their Departmental Plans and Departmental Results Reports.
program (programme)
Individual or groups of services, activities or combinations thereof that are managed together within the department and focus on a specific set of outputs, outcomes or service levels.
program inventory (répertoire des programmes)
Identifies all the department's programs and describes how resources are organized to contribute to the department's core responsibilities and results.
result (résultat)
A consequence attributed, in part, to an organization, policy, program or initiative. Results are not within the control of a single organization, policy, program or initiative; instead they are within the area of the organization's influence.
statutory expenditures (dépenses législatives)
Expenditures that Parliament has approved through legislation other than appropriation acts. The legislation sets out the purpose of the expenditures and the terms and conditions under which they may be made.
target (cible)
A measurable performance or success level that an organization, program or initiative plans to achieve within a specified time period. Targets can be either quantitative or qualitative.
voted expenditures (dépenses votées)
Expenditures that Parliament approves annually through an appropriation act. The vote wording becomes the governing conditions under which these expenditures may be made.

Date modified: December 2, 2022